Spitsbergen Wildlife in November

November in Spitsbergen is a time when the Arctic begins to shut down for the long polar night. With the sun disappearing below the horizon for months, the island transitions from a land of perpetual daylight to one of eternal darkness. The landscape becomes increasingly cold, and wildlife becomes more elusive as the animals begin to prepare for winter. However, November offers its own unique wildlife opportunities that few can experience anywhere else in the world.

As daylight becomes scarce, wildlife activity in Spitsbergen slows down. Many migratory bird species, including Arctic terns and common eiders, have already left for the winter, leaving behind a quieter atmosphere. However, this does not mean that the island’s wildlife disappears entirely. The cold conditions in November are perfect for spotting the hardier species that call Spitsbergen home year-round.

The polar bear remains one of the most sought-after creatures during November. These apex predators are well adapted to survive the harsh conditions of the Arctic winter. With the sea ice slowly starting to form around Spitsbergen’s coast, polar bears begin to congregate along the shores, waiting for the ice to solidify so they can begin their hunting season in earnest. They hunt seals, often waiting patiently for them to surface for air. If you're on a boat tour or expedition during this time, the chance to spot a polar bear in its natural habitat is high, especially as the bears become more active in their search for food.

Svalbard’s other land mammals, such as the Arctic fox and the Svalbard reindeer, also make their presence known in November. The Arctic fox, which is known for its thick white fur during the winter months, may still be seen in its transitional coat, which is a blend of brown and gray. These foxes are busy hunting smaller mammals, birds, and scavenging. Their ability to adapt to the ever-changing Arctic environment makes them a remarkable species to observe.

The Svalbard reindeer are well adapted to the harsh winter conditions. Their thick coats provide them with insulation against the cold, and their large hooves help them traverse the snowy terrain. In November, they begin to retreat to the more sheltered areas of the island, foraging for the last bits of vegetation before the full winter sets in. Spotting these reindeer in their winter coats against the snowy backdrop is a quintessential Arctic experience.

November also sees the beginning of the winter seal season. The ringed seal and bearded seal are often seen in the waters around Spitsbergen, swimming between ice floes and basking in the limited sunlight. These seals are well-equipped to handle the freezing temperatures, with thick fur and a layer of blubber to keep them warm. Observing these seals in the wild, particularly as they haul out on the ice, offers an unforgettable glimpse into life in the Arctic.

The natural beauty of Spitsbergen is amplified in November as the island enters the darkness of the polar night. The shimmering lights of the Aurora Borealis begin to dance across the sky, providing a stunning contrast to the frozen landscapes below. The absence of daylight gives visitors a unique opportunity to experience the Arctic's pristine wilderness under the glow of the northern lights, a sight that’s on many travelers' bucket lists.

November is a quieter month on Spitsbergen, but this lends itself to an intimate experience with nature. While some wildlife becomes less visible as it prepares for the harsher months ahead, others, like polar bears, seals, and reindeer, are more active. This is a special time to visit the Arctic and experience the solitude and beauty of this remote environment.